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| 1 | // -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- | ||
| 2 | // vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4: | ||
| 3 | // | ||
| 4 | // SPDX-FileCopyrightInfo: Copyright © DuMux Project contributors, see AUTHORS.md in root folder | ||
| 5 | // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later | ||
| 6 | // | ||
| 7 | /*! | ||
| 8 | * \file | ||
| 9 | * \ingroup NavierStokesModel | ||
| 10 | * \copydoc Dumux::NavierStokesStaggeredProblem | ||
| 11 | */ | ||
| 12 | #ifndef DUMUX_NAVIERSTOKES_STAGGERED_PROBLEM_HH | ||
| 13 | #define DUMUX_NAVIERSTOKES_STAGGERED_PROBLEM_HH | ||
| 14 | |||
| 15 | #include <dune/common/exceptions.hh> | ||
| 16 | #include <dune/common/typetraits.hh> | ||
| 17 | #include <dumux/common/properties.hh> | ||
| 18 | #include <dumux/common/staggeredfvproblem.hh> | ||
| 19 | #include <dumux/discretization/method.hh> | ||
| 20 | #include <dumux/freeflow/navierstokes/momentum/boundarytypes.hh> | ||
| 21 | |||
| 22 | namespace Dumux { | ||
| 23 | |||
| 24 | /*! | ||
| 25 | * \ingroup NavierStokesModel | ||
| 26 | * \brief Navier-Stokes staggered problem base class. | ||
| 27 | * | ||
| 28 | * This implements gravity (if desired) and a function returning the temperature. | ||
| 29 | * Includes a specialized method used only by the staggered grid discretization. | ||
| 30 | */ | ||
| 31 | template<class TypeTag> | ||
| 32 | 4 | class NavierStokesStaggeredProblem : public StaggeredFVProblem<TypeTag> | |
| 33 | { | ||
| 34 | using ParentType = StaggeredFVProblem<TypeTag>; | ||
| 35 | using Implementation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Problem>; | ||
| 36 | |||
| 37 | using GridGeometry = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GridGeometry>; | ||
| 38 | using GridView = typename GridGeometry::GridView; | ||
| 39 | using Element = typename GridView::template Codim<0>::Entity; | ||
| 40 | |||
| 41 | using GridVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GridVariables>; | ||
| 42 | using GridFaceVariables = typename GridVariables::GridFaceVariables; | ||
| 43 | using ElementFaceVariables = typename GridFaceVariables::LocalView; | ||
| 44 | using FaceVariables = typename GridFaceVariables::FaceVariables; | ||
| 45 | using GridVolumeVariables = typename GridVariables::GridVolumeVariables; | ||
| 46 | using ElementVolumeVariables = typename GridVolumeVariables::LocalView; | ||
| 47 | using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>; | ||
| 48 | |||
| 49 | using FVElementGeometry = typename GridGeometry::LocalView; | ||
| 50 | using SubControlVolume = typename FVElementGeometry::SubControlVolume; | ||
| 51 | using SubControlVolumeFace = typename FVElementGeometry::SubControlVolumeFace; | ||
| 52 | using PrimaryVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::PrimaryVariables>; | ||
| 53 | using Indices = typename GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ModelTraits>::Indices; | ||
| 54 | |||
| 55 | enum { | ||
| 56 | dim = GridView::dimension, | ||
| 57 | dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld | ||
| 58 | }; | ||
| 59 | |||
| 60 | using GlobalPosition = typename SubControlVolumeFace::GlobalPosition; | ||
| 61 | using VelocityVector = Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, dimWorld>; | ||
| 62 | using GravityVector = Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, dimWorld>; | ||
| 63 | |||
| 64 | public: | ||
| 65 | /*! | ||
| 66 | * \brief The constructor | ||
| 67 | * \param gridGeometry The finite volume grid geometry | ||
| 68 | * \param paramGroup The parameter group in which to look for runtime parameters first (default is "") | ||
| 69 | */ | ||
| 70 | 50 | NavierStokesStaggeredProblem(std::shared_ptr<const GridGeometry> gridGeometry, const std::string& paramGroup = "") | |
| 71 | : ParentType(gridGeometry, paramGroup) | ||
| 72 |
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100 | , gravity_(0.0) |
| 73 | { | ||
| 74 |
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50 | if (getParamFromGroup<bool>(paramGroup, "Problem.EnableGravity")) |
| 75 | 4 | gravity_[dim-1] = -9.81; | |
| 76 | |||
| 77 |
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50 | enableInertiaTerms_ = getParamFromGroup<bool>(paramGroup, "Problem.EnableInertiaTerms"); |
| 78 | 50 | } | |
| 79 | |||
| 80 | |||
| 81 | /*! | ||
| 82 | * \brief Returns the acceleration due to gravity. | ||
| 83 | * | ||
| 84 | * If the <tt>Problem.EnableGravity</tt> parameter is true, this means | ||
| 85 | * \f$\boldsymbol{g} = ( 0,\dots,\ -9.81)^T \f$, else \f$\boldsymbol{g} = ( 0,\dots, 0)^T \f$ | ||
| 86 | */ | ||
| 87 | const GravityVector& gravity() const | ||
| 88 | 150537765 | { return gravity_; } | |
| 89 | |||
| 90 | /*! | ||
| 91 | * \brief Returns whether interia terms should be considered. | ||
| 92 | */ | ||
| 93 | ✗ | bool enableInertiaTerms() const | |
| 94 | ✗ | { return enableInertiaTerms_; } | |
| 95 | |||
| 96 | //! Applies the initial face solution (velocities on the faces). Specialization for staggered grid discretization. | ||
| 97 | template <class SolutionVector, class G = GridGeometry> | ||
| 98 | typename std::enable_if<G::discMethod == DiscretizationMethods::staggered, void>::type | ||
| 99 | ✗ | applyInitialFaceSolution(SolutionVector& sol, | |
| 100 | const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf, | ||
| 101 | const PrimaryVariables& initSol) const | ||
| 102 | { | ||
| 103 | 287840 | sol[GridGeometry::faceIdx()][scvf.dofIndex()][0] = initSol[Indices::velocity(scvf.directionIndex())]; | |
| 104 | ✗ | } | |
| 105 | |||
| 106 | /*! | ||
| 107 | * \brief An additional drag term can be included as source term for the momentum balance | ||
| 108 | * to mimic 3D flow behavior in 2D: | ||
| 109 | * \f[ | ||
| 110 | * f_{drag} = -(8 \mu / h^2)v | ||
| 111 | * \f] | ||
| 112 | * Here, \f$h\f$ corresponds to the extruded height that is | ||
| 113 | * bounded by the imaginary walls. See Flekkoy et al. (1995) \cite flekkoy1995a<BR> | ||
| 114 | * A value of 8.0 is used as a default factor, corresponding | ||
| 115 | * to the velocity profile at the center plane | ||
| 116 | * of the virtual height (maximum velocity). Setting this value to 12.0 corresponds | ||
| 117 | * to an depth-averaged velocity (Venturoli and Boek, 2006) \cite venturoli2006a. | ||
| 118 | */ | ||
| 119 | Scalar pseudo3DWallFriction(const Scalar velocity, | ||
| 120 | const Scalar viscosity, | ||
| 121 | const Scalar height, | ||
| 122 | const Scalar factor = 8.0) const | ||
| 123 | { | ||
| 124 | static_assert(dim == 2, "Pseudo 3D wall friction may only be used in 2D"); | ||
| 125 | return -factor * velocity * viscosity / (height*height); | ||
| 126 | } | ||
| 127 | |||
| 128 | //! Convenience function for staggered grid implementation. | ||
| 129 | template <class ElementVolumeVariables, class ElementFaceVariables, class G = GridGeometry> | ||
| 130 | typename std::enable_if<G::discMethod == DiscretizationMethods::staggered, Scalar>::type | ||
| 131 | pseudo3DWallFriction(const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf, | ||
| 132 | const ElementVolumeVariables& elemVolVars, | ||
| 133 | const ElementFaceVariables& elemFaceVars, | ||
| 134 | const Scalar height, | ||
| 135 | const Scalar factor = 8.0) const | ||
| 136 | { | ||
| 137 | const Scalar velocity = elemFaceVars[scvf].velocitySelf(); | ||
| 138 | const Scalar viscosity = elemVolVars[scvf.insideScvIdx()].effectiveViscosity(); | ||
| 139 | return pseudo3DWallFriction(velocity, viscosity, height, factor); | ||
| 140 | } | ||
| 141 | |||
| 142 | /*! | ||
| 143 | * \brief Returns the intrinsic permeability of required as input parameter for the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman boundary condition | ||
| 144 | * | ||
| 145 | * This member function must be overloaded in the problem implementation, if the BJS boundary condition is used. | ||
| 146 | */ | ||
| 147 | ✗ | Scalar permeability(const Element& element, const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf) const | |
| 148 | { | ||
| 149 | ✗ | DUNE_THROW(Dune::NotImplemented, | |
| 150 | "When using the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman boundary condition, " | ||
| 151 | "the permeability must be returned in the actual problem" | ||
| 152 | ); | ||
| 153 | } | ||
| 154 | |||
| 155 | /*! | ||
| 156 | * \brief Returns the alpha value required as input parameter for the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman boundary condition | ||
| 157 | * | ||
| 158 | * This member function must be overloaded in the problem implementation, if the BJS boundary condition is used. | ||
| 159 | */ | ||
| 160 | ✗ | Scalar alphaBJ(const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf) const | |
| 161 | { | ||
| 162 | ✗ | DUNE_THROW(Dune::NotImplemented, | |
| 163 | "When using the Beavers-Joseph-Saffman boundary condition, " | ||
| 164 | "the alpha value must be returned in the actual problem" | ||
| 165 | ); | ||
| 166 | } | ||
| 167 | |||
| 168 | /*! | ||
| 169 | * \brief Returns the beta value which is the alpha value divided by the square root of the (scalar-valued) interface permeability. | ||
| 170 | */ | ||
| 171 | 146832 | Scalar betaBJ(const Element& element, const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf, const GlobalPosition& tangentialVector) const | |
| 172 | { | ||
| 173 | 146832 | const Scalar interfacePermeability = interfacePermeability_(element, scvf, tangentialVector); | |
| 174 | using std::sqrt; | ||
| 175 | 146832 | return asImp_().alphaBJ(scvf) / sqrt(interfacePermeability); | |
| 176 | } | ||
| 177 | |||
| 178 | /*! | ||
| 179 | * \brief Returns the velocity in the porous medium (which is 0 by default according to Saffmann). | ||
| 180 | */ | ||
| 181 | ✗ | VelocityVector porousMediumVelocity(const Element& element, const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf) const | |
| 182 | { | ||
| 183 | ✗ | return VelocityVector(0.0); | |
| 184 | } | ||
| 185 | |||
| 186 | /*! | ||
| 187 | * \brief Returns the slip velocity at a porous boundary based on the Beavers-Joseph(-Saffman) condition. | ||
| 188 | */ | ||
| 189 | 863288 | const Scalar beaversJosephVelocity(const Element& element, | |
| 190 | const SubControlVolume& scv, | ||
| 191 | const SubControlVolumeFace& ownScvf, | ||
| 192 | const SubControlVolumeFace& faceOnPorousBoundary, | ||
| 193 | const Scalar velocitySelf, | ||
| 194 | const Scalar tangentialVelocityGradient) const | ||
| 195 | { | ||
| 196 | // create a unit normal vector oriented in positive coordinate direction | ||
| 197 | 863288 | GlobalPosition orientation = ownScvf.unitOuterNormal(); | |
| 198 | 863288 | orientation[ownScvf.directionIndex()] = 1.0; | |
| 199 | |||
| 200 | // du/dy + dv/dx = alpha/sqrt(K) * (u_boundary-uPM) | ||
| 201 | // beta = alpha/sqrt(K) | ||
| 202 | 863288 | const Scalar betaBJ = asImp_().betaBJ(element, faceOnPorousBoundary, orientation); | |
| 203 | 3453152 | const Scalar distanceNormalToBoundary = (faceOnPorousBoundary.center() - scv.center()).two_norm(); | |
| 204 | |||
| 205 | 863288 | return (tangentialVelocityGradient*distanceNormalToBoundary | |
| 206 | 1726576 | + asImp_().porousMediumVelocity(element, faceOnPorousBoundary) * orientation * betaBJ * distanceNormalToBoundary | |
| 207 | 1726576 | + velocitySelf) / (betaBJ*distanceNormalToBoundary + 1.0); | |
| 208 | } | ||
| 209 | |||
| 210 | private: | ||
| 211 | //! Returns a scalar permeability value at the coupling interface | ||
| 212 | 146832 | Scalar interfacePermeability_(const Element& element, const SubControlVolumeFace& scvf, const GlobalPosition& tangentialVector) const | |
| 213 | { | ||
| 214 | 146832 | const auto& K = asImp_().permeability(element, scvf); | |
| 215 | |||
| 216 | // use t*K*t for permeability tensors | ||
| 217 | if constexpr (Dune::IsNumber<std::decay_t<decltype(K)>>::value) | ||
| 218 | ✗ | return K; | |
| 219 | else | ||
| 220 | 146832 | return vtmv(tangentialVector, K, tangentialVector); | |
| 221 | } | ||
| 222 | |||
| 223 | //! Returns the implementation of the problem (i.e. static polymorphism) | ||
| 224 | Implementation &asImp_() | ||
| 225 | { return *static_cast<Implementation *>(this); } | ||
| 226 | |||
| 227 | //! \copydoc asImp_() | ||
| 228 | const Implementation &asImp_() const | ||
| 229 | { return *static_cast<const Implementation *>(this); } | ||
| 230 | |||
| 231 | GravityVector gravity_; | ||
| 232 | bool enableInertiaTerms_; | ||
| 233 | }; | ||
| 234 | |||
| 235 | } // end namespace Dumux | ||
| 236 | |||
| 237 | #endif | ||
| 238 |